diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index 3ebf8c6..01791a5 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 #define STR_ARG_SIZ   ESC_ARG_SIZ
 
 /* macros */
+#define IS_SET(flag)		((term.mode & (flag)) != 0)
 #define NUMMAXLEN(x)		((int)(sizeof(x) * 2.56 + 0.5) + 1)
 #define ISCONTROLC0(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0, 0x1f) || (c) == '\177')
 #define ISCONTROLC1(c)		(BETWEEN(c, 0x80, 0x9f))
@@ -51,6 +52,17 @@
 /* constants */
 #define ISO14755CMD		"dmenu -w \"$WINDOWID\" -p codepoint: </dev/null"
 
+enum term_mode {
+	MODE_WRAP        = 1 << 0,
+	MODE_INSERT      = 1 << 1,
+	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 1 << 2,
+	MODE_CRLF        = 1 << 3,
+	MODE_ECHO        = 1 << 4,
+	MODE_PRINT       = 1 << 5,
+	MODE_UTF8        = 1 << 6,
+	MODE_SIXEL       = 1 << 7,
+};
+
 enum cursor_movement {
 	CURSOR_SAVE,
 	CURSOR_LOAD
@@ -977,8 +989,6 @@ tnew(int col, int row)
 {
 	term = (Term){ .c = { .attr = { .fg = defaultfg, .bg = defaultbg } } };
 	tresize(col, row);
-	term.numlock = 1;
-
 	treset();
 }
 
@@ -1414,20 +1424,16 @@ tsetscroll(int t, int b)
 void
 tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 {
-	int *lim, mode;
-	int alt;
+	int alt, *lim;
 
 	for (lim = args + narg; args < lim; ++args) {
 		if (priv) {
 			switch (*args) {
 			case 1: /* DECCKM -- Cursor key */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_APPCURSOR);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_APPCURSOR);
 				break;
 			case 5: /* DECSCNM -- Reverse video */
-				mode = term.mode;
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_REVERSE);
-				if (mode != term.mode)
-					redraw();
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_REVERSE);
 				break;
 			case 6: /* DECOM -- Origin */
 				MODBIT(term.c.state, set, CURSOR_ORIGIN);
@@ -1447,36 +1453,36 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 			case 12: /* att610 -- Start blinking cursor (IGNORED) */
 				break;
 			case 25: /* DECTCEM -- Text Cursor Enable Mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, !set, MODE_HIDE);
+				xsetmode(!set, MODE_HIDE);
 				break;
 			case 9:    /* X10 mouse compatibility mode */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEX10);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEX10);
 				break;
 			case 1000: /* 1000: report button press */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEBTN);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEBTN);
 				break;
 			case 1002: /* 1002: report motion on button press */
 				xsetpointermotion(0);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEMOTION);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEMOTION);
 				break;
 			case 1003: /* 1003: enable all mouse motions */
 				xsetpointermotion(set);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_MOUSE);
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSEMANY);
+				xsetmode(0, MODE_MOUSE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSEMANY);
 				break;
 			case 1004: /* 1004: send focus events to tty */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_FOCUS);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_FOCUS);
 				break;
 			case 1006: /* 1006: extended reporting mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_MOUSESGR);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_MOUSESGR);
 				break;
 			case 1034:
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_8BIT);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_8BIT);
 				break;
 			case 1049: /* swap screen & set/restore cursor as xterm */
 				if (!allowaltscreen)
@@ -1501,7 +1507,7 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 				tcursor((set) ? CURSOR_SAVE : CURSOR_LOAD);
 				break;
 			case 2004: /* 2004: bracketed paste mode */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_BRCKTPASTE);
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_BRCKTPASTE);
 				break;
 			/* Not implemented mouse modes. See comments there. */
 			case 1001: /* mouse highlight mode; can hang the
@@ -1522,8 +1528,8 @@ tsetmode(int priv, int set, int *args, int narg)
 			switch (*args) {
 			case 0:  /* Error (IGNORED) */
 				break;
-			case 2:  /* KAM -- keyboard action */
-				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_KBDLOCK);
+			case 2:
+				xsetmode(set, MODE_KBDLOCK);
 				break;
 			case 4:  /* IRM -- Insertion-replacement */
 				MODBIT(term.mode, set, MODE_INSERT);
@@ -2230,10 +2236,10 @@ eschandle(uchar ascii)
 		xloadcols();
 		break;
 	case '=': /* DECPAM -- Application keypad */
-		term.mode |= MODE_APPKEYPAD;
+		xsetmode(1, MODE_APPKEYPAD);
 		break;
 	case '>': /* DECPNM -- Normal keypad */
-		term.mode &= ~MODE_APPKEYPAD;
+		xsetmode(0, MODE_APPKEYPAD);
 		break;
 	case '7': /* DECSC -- Save Cursor */
 		tcursor(CURSOR_SAVE);
@@ -2526,9 +2532,3 @@ redraw(void)
 	tfulldirt();
 	draw();
 }
-
-void
-numlock(const Arg *dummy)
-{
-	term.numlock ^= 1;
-}
diff --git a/st.h b/st.h
index d7738a0..3382d61 100644
--- a/st.h
+++ b/st.h
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #define LIMIT(x, a, b)		(x) = (x) < (a) ? (a) : (x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)
 #define ATTRCMP(a, b)		((a).mode != (b).mode || (a).fg != (b).fg || \
 				(a).bg != (b).bg)
-#define IS_SET(flag)		((term.mode & (flag)) != 0)
 #define TIMEDIFF(t1, t2)	((t1.tv_sec-t2.tv_sec)*1000 + \
 				(t1.tv_nsec-t2.tv_nsec)/1E6)
 #define MODBIT(x, set, bit)	((set) ? ((x) |= (bit)) : ((x) &= ~(bit)))
@@ -37,34 +36,6 @@ enum glyph_attribute {
 	ATTR_BOLD_FAINT = ATTR_BOLD | ATTR_FAINT,
 };
 
-enum term_mode {
-	MODE_WRAP        = 1 << 0,
-	MODE_INSERT      = 1 << 1,
-	MODE_APPKEYPAD   = 1 << 2,
-	MODE_ALTSCREEN   = 1 << 3,
-	MODE_CRLF        = 1 << 4,
-	MODE_MOUSEBTN    = 1 << 5,
-	MODE_MOUSEMOTION = 1 << 6,
-	MODE_REVERSE     = 1 << 7,
-	MODE_KBDLOCK     = 1 << 8,
-	MODE_HIDE        = 1 << 9,
-	MODE_ECHO        = 1 << 10,
-	MODE_APPCURSOR   = 1 << 11,
-	MODE_MOUSESGR    = 1 << 12,
-	MODE_8BIT        = 1 << 13,
-	MODE_BLINK       = 1 << 14,
-	MODE_FBLINK      = 1 << 15,
-	MODE_FOCUS       = 1 << 16,
-	MODE_MOUSEX10    = 1 << 17,
-	MODE_MOUSEMANY   = 1 << 18,
-	MODE_BRCKTPASTE  = 1 << 19,
-	MODE_PRINT       = 1 << 20,
-	MODE_UTF8        = 1 << 21,
-	MODE_SIXEL       = 1 << 22,
-	MODE_MOUSE       = MODE_MOUSEBTN|MODE_MOUSEMOTION|MODE_MOUSEX10\
-	                  |MODE_MOUSEMANY,
-};
-
 enum selection_mode {
 	SEL_IDLE = 0,
 	SEL_EMPTY = 1,
@@ -120,7 +91,6 @@ typedef struct {
 	char trantbl[4]; /* charset table translation */
 	int charset;  /* current charset */
 	int icharset; /* selected charset for sequence */
-	int numlock; /* lock numbers in keyboard */
 	int *tabs;
 } Term;
 
@@ -130,7 +100,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	int w, h; /* window width and height */
 	int ch; /* char height */
 	int cw; /* char width  */
-	char state; /* focus, redraw, visible */
+	int mode; /* window state/mode flags */
 	int cursor; /* cursor style */
 } TermWindow;
 
@@ -163,7 +133,6 @@ void die(const char *, ...);
 void redraw(void);
 
 void iso14755(const Arg *);
-void numlock(const Arg *);
 void printscreen(const Arg *);
 void printsel(const Arg *);
 void sendbreak(const Arg *);
diff --git a/win.h b/win.h
index 123662e..1e08b16 100644
--- a/win.h
+++ b/win.h
@@ -1,5 +1,28 @@
 /* See LICENSE for license details. */
 
+enum win_mode {
+	MODE_VISIBLE     = 1 << 0,
+	MODE_FOCUSED     = 1 << 1,
+	MODE_APPKEYPAD   = 1 << 2,
+	MODE_MOUSEBTN    = 1 << 3,
+	MODE_MOUSEMOTION = 1 << 4,
+	MODE_REVERSE     = 1 << 5,
+	MODE_KBDLOCK     = 1 << 6,
+	MODE_HIDE        = 1 << 7,
+	MODE_APPCURSOR   = 1 << 8,
+	MODE_MOUSESGR    = 1 << 9,
+	MODE_8BIT        = 1 << 10,
+	MODE_BLINK       = 1 << 11,
+	MODE_FBLINK      = 1 << 12,
+	MODE_FOCUS       = 1 << 13,
+	MODE_MOUSEX10    = 1 << 14,
+	MODE_MOUSEMANY   = 1 << 15,
+	MODE_BRCKTPASTE  = 1 << 16,
+	MODE_NUMLOCK     = 1 << 17,
+	MODE_MOUSE       = MODE_MOUSEBTN|MODE_MOUSEMOTION|MODE_MOUSEX10\
+	                  |MODE_MOUSEMANY,
+};
+
 void draw(void);
 void drawregion(int, int, int, int);
 
@@ -10,5 +33,6 @@ void xloadcols(void);
 int xsetcolorname(int, const char *);
 void xsettitle(char *);
 int xsetcursor(int);
+void xsetmode(int, unsigned int);
 void xsetpointermotion(int);
 void xsetsel(char *);
diff --git a/x.c b/x.c
index 76fb910..c5826cf 100644
--- a/x.c
+++ b/x.c
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ typedef struct {
 /* function definitions used in config.h */
 static void clipcopy(const Arg *);
 static void clippaste(const Arg *);
+static void numlock(const Arg *);
 static void selpaste(const Arg *);
 static void zoom(const Arg *);
 static void zoomabs(const Arg *);
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ static void zoomreset(const Arg *);
 #define XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT 5
 
 /* macros */
+#define IS_SET(flag)		((win.mode & (flag)) != 0)
 #define TRUERED(x)		(((x) & 0xff0000) >> 8)
 #define TRUEGREEN(x)		(((x) & 0xff00))
 #define TRUEBLUE(x)		(((x) & 0xff) << 8)
@@ -196,11 +198,6 @@ static XWindow xw;
 static XSelection xsel;
 static TermWindow win;
 
-enum window_state {
-	WIN_VISIBLE = 1,
-	WIN_FOCUSED = 2
-};
-
 /* Font Ring Cache */
 enum {
 	FRC_NORMAL,
@@ -263,6 +260,12 @@ selpaste(const Arg *dummy)
 			xw.win, CurrentTime);
 }
 
+void
+numlock(const Arg *dummy)
+{
+	win.mode ^= MODE_NUMLOCK;
+}
+
 void
 zoom(const Arg *arg)
 {
@@ -1090,6 +1093,7 @@ xinit(void)
 	XChangeProperty(xw.dpy, xw.win, xw.netwmpid, XA_CARDINAL, 32,
 			PropModeReplace, (uchar *)&thispid, 1);
 
+	win.mode = MODE_NUMLOCK;
 	resettitle();
 	XMapWindow(xw.dpy, xw.win);
 	xhints();
@@ -1319,14 +1323,13 @@ xdrawglyphfontspecs(const XftGlyphFontSpec *specs, Glyph base, int len, int x, i
 		fg = &revfg;
 	}
 
-
 	if (base.mode & ATTR_REVERSE) {
 		temp = fg;
 		fg = bg;
 		bg = temp;
 	}
 
-	if (base.mode & ATTR_BLINK && term.mode & MODE_BLINK)
+	if (base.mode & ATTR_BLINK && win.mode & MODE_BLINK)
 		fg = bg;
 
 	if (base.mode & ATTR_INVISIBLE)
@@ -1440,7 +1443,7 @@ xdrawcursor(void)
 		return;
 
 	/* draw the new one */
-	if (win.state & WIN_FOCUSED) {
+	if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)) {
 		switch (win.cursor) {
 		case 7: /* st extension: snowman */
 			utf8decode("☃", &g.u, UTF_SIZ);
@@ -1527,7 +1530,7 @@ drawregion(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
 	Glyph base, new;
 	XftGlyphFontSpec *specs;
 
-	if (!(win.state & WIN_VISIBLE))
+	if (!(IS_SET(MODE_VISIBLE)))
 		return;
 
 	for (y = y1; y < y2; y++) {
@@ -1575,13 +1578,13 @@ visibility(XEvent *ev)
 {
 	XVisibilityEvent *e = &ev->xvisibility;
 
-	MODBIT(win.state, e->state != VisibilityFullyObscured, WIN_VISIBLE);
+	MODBIT(win.mode, e->state != VisibilityFullyObscured, MODE_VISIBLE);
 }
 
 void
 unmap(XEvent *ev)
 {
-	win.state &= ~WIN_VISIBLE;
+	win.mode &= ~MODE_VISIBLE;
 }
 
 void
@@ -1591,6 +1594,15 @@ xsetpointermotion(int set)
 	XChangeWindowAttributes(xw.dpy, xw.win, CWEventMask, &xw.attrs);
 }
 
+void
+xsetmode(int set, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int mode = win.mode;
+	MODBIT(win.mode, set, flags);
+	if ((win.mode & MODE_REVERSE) != (mode & MODE_REVERSE))
+		redraw();
+}
+
 int
 xsetcursor(int cursor)
 {
@@ -1614,7 +1626,7 @@ xseturgency(int add)
 void
 xbell(void)
 {
-	if (!(win.state & WIN_FOCUSED))
+	if (!(IS_SET(MODE_FOCUSED)))
 		xseturgency(1);
 	if (bellvolume)
 		XkbBell(xw.dpy, xw.win, bellvolume, (Atom)NULL);
@@ -1630,13 +1642,13 @@ focus(XEvent *ev)
 
 	if (ev->type == FocusIn) {
 		XSetICFocus(xw.xic);
-		win.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
+		win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
 		xseturgency(0);
 		if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
 			ttywrite("\033[I", 3, 0);
 	} else {
 		XUnsetICFocus(xw.xic);
-		win.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
+		win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
 		if (IS_SET(MODE_FOCUS))
 			ttywrite("\033[O", 3, 0);
 	}
@@ -1673,7 +1685,7 @@ kmap(KeySym k, uint state)
 
 		if (IS_SET(MODE_APPKEYPAD) ? kp->appkey < 0 : kp->appkey > 0)
 			continue;
-		if (term.numlock && kp->appkey == 2)
+		if (IS_SET(MODE_NUMLOCK) && kp->appkey == 2)
 			continue;
 
 		if (IS_SET(MODE_APPCURSOR) ? kp->appcursor < 0 : kp->appcursor > 0)
@@ -1742,10 +1754,10 @@ cmessage(XEvent *e)
 	 */
 	if (e->xclient.message_type == xw.xembed && e->xclient.format == 32) {
 		if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_IN) {
-			win.state |= WIN_FOCUSED;
+			win.mode |= MODE_FOCUSED;
 			xseturgency(0);
 		} else if (e->xclient.data.l[1] == XEMBED_FOCUS_OUT) {
-			win.state &= ~WIN_FOCUSED;
+			win.mode &= ~MODE_FOCUSED;
 		}
 	} else if (e->xclient.data.l[0] == xw.wmdeletewin) {
 		/* Send SIGHUP to shell */
@@ -1810,7 +1822,7 @@ run(void)
 			if (blinktimeout) {
 				blinkset = tattrset(ATTR_BLINK);
 				if (!blinkset)
-					MODBIT(term.mode, 0, MODE_BLINK);
+					MODBIT(win.mode, 0, MODE_BLINK);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -1825,7 +1837,7 @@ run(void)
 		dodraw = 0;
 		if (blinktimeout && TIMEDIFF(now, lastblink) > blinktimeout) {
 			tsetdirtattr(ATTR_BLINK);
-			term.mode ^= MODE_BLINK;
+			win.mode ^= MODE_BLINK;
 			lastblink = now;
 			dodraw = 1;
 		}